The MALSR consists of a MALS plus a runway alignment indicator light (RAIL) portion. The MALSF comes in the same configuration with the MALS, but are equipped with three sequenced flashers located at the last three light bar stations where approach area identification is difficult at night due to surrounding lights. It consists of a threshold light bar and seven five-light bars disposed symmetrically about the runway centerline extended, with the first bar installed 200 feet from the runway threshold, and the remaining bars extending at 200-foot intervals into the approach area at a distance of 1,400 feet from the threshold. The MALS is an economy type system used for non-precision approaches.
It is designed to smooth the transition from instrument to visual flight for landing through a configuration of signal lights that start at the landing threshold and extend into the approach zone.ĭepending on the type of precision approach and visibility minimums of the approach, the ALS can be in the form of medium intensity approach lighting system without sequenced flashers (MALS), medium intensity approach lighting system with sequenced flashing lights (MALSF), medium intensity approach lighting system with runway alignment indicator lights (MALSR), simplified short approach lighting system with runway alignment indicator lights (SSALR), approach lighting system with sequenced flashers II (ALSF-2), omni-directional approach lighting system (ODALS), or precision approach path indicator (PAPI) system. An approach lighting system (ALS) is an array of lights that provide visual information on runway alignment, height perception, roll guidance, and horizon references for pilots when making an approach to a runway.
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